Essential Facts of Mesothelioma and Asbestos Exposure

	Mesothelioma Cancer Essential Facts Of Mesothelioma And Asbestos Exposure
	Mesothelioma Cancer Mesothelima And Asbestos Lawyers Mesothelioma Prevention And Precaution

	Mesothelioma Diagnosis Worries Other Family Members An Ireland man fighting mesothelioma cancer has commented on his family’s ongoing struggle with asbestos exposure, which initially began with asbestos being brought home on his father?s work clothes. Sean Rickard, who was diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma in January, has been told his condition is the result of inhaling microscopic asbestos fibers as a child. Out of nine siblings, seven currently suffer from lung damage and pleural plaques. Mr. Rickard?s father Patrick, who died in 1974 from an asbestos-related lung condition, worked as a pipe coverer spraying asbestos in Harland and Wolff shipyard from 1949 to 1969. During this time, asbestos was commonly used around pipes for its excellent insulating capabilities. According to Mr. Rickard, ?My father stopped working in 19...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Audit of patients with mesothelioma treated with pemetrexed in a single institution in Western Australia Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a devastating malignancy that until recently has had no effective treatment. Pemetrexed in combination with cisplatin entered routine clinical practice following reports of efficacy in 2003. We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients with malignant mesothelioma at a single institution treated with pemetrexed in any combination or as monotherapy between 2004 and 2007. During this period, 62 patients received pemetrexed-based chemotherapy for MPM, most of whom were male (87%), treated in the palliative setting (84%) and received pemetrexed in combination with a platinum agent (95%). Pemetrexed was found to be well tolerated and produced clinical benefit and response rates similar to other published studies for its use in MPM in the phase IV ... Mesothelioma-Causing Asbestos May be Banned in the United States According to a recent report, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has plans to phase out the use of asbestos within the next decade. Lin Chien-hui, director of the EPA’s Department of Environmental Sanitation and Toxic Substance Management, said the ban on asbestos will be enforced through two stages. On July 1, 2015, regulations will be in place to make sure asbestos is no longer used as a sealing material in construction projects. On July 1, 2020, asbestos will be banned for all uses in tiles, linings and extruded cement panels. The plan to ban asbestos in the United States marks a big step towards lowering the risk of developing asbestos-related diseases. One of these conditions is malignant mesothelioma, a rare form of cancer almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure. ... Zoledronic acid impairs myeloid differentiation to tumour-associated macrophages in mesothelioma Authors: J D Veltman, M E H Lambers, M van Nimwegen, R W Hendriks, H C Hoogsteden, J P J J Hegmans & J G J V Aerts (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP) Researchers Study Cancer Stem Cells as Therapeutic Targets for Mesothelioma In a study published in the International Journal of Oncology, Cortes-Dericks and colleagues tested whether cancer stem cells in malignant pleural mesothelioma express resistance to cisplatin and pemetrexed, two chemotherapy drugs commonly used to treat mesothelioma cancer. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure. Because there is no cure for this disease, the mesothelioma life expectancy for most patients ranges between four and 18 months after diagnosis, hence the reason for advancing research on this condition. The study, titled ?Putative Cancer Stem Cells in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Show Resistance to Cisplatin and Pemetrexed,? evaluates the hypothesis that cancer stem cells existing in tumors are responsible for relapse after chem... Mesothelioma Survivor Remains Cancer-Free Six Years Following Diagnosis Diagnosed with pleural mesothelioma six years ago at the age of 29, Karen Grant is currently cancer-free thanks to multimodality therapy with Dr. David Sugarbaker at Brigham and Women?s Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused almost exclusively by asbestos exposure. The cancer is well-known for its aggressive nature and is notably difficult to treat. Although no cure exists, a number of mesothelioma patients who are diagnosed early enough may qualify for a combination of aggressive therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. The combination of therapies, known as multimodality therapy, currently has the best chance of extending a patient?s mesothelioma life expectancy. Grant?s first symptoms arose in 2003 when she woke with a bad ...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Asbestos is still with us: repeat call for a universal ban Abstract  All forms of asbestos are proven human carcinogens. All forms of asbestos cause malignant mesothelioma, lung, laryngeal, and ovarian cancers, and may cause gastrointestinal and other cancers. No exposure to asbestos is without risk, and there is no safe threshold of exposure to asbestos. Nonetheless, a large number of countries still use, import, and export asbestos and asbestos-containing products. And still today in many countries that have banned other forms of asbestos, the so-called ?controlled use? of chrysotile asbestos continues to be permitted, an exemption that has no basis in medical science but rather reflects the political and economic influence of the asbestos mining and manufacturing industry. To protect the health of all people in the world ?... Immunocytochemistry of CD146 is useful to discriminate between malignant pleural mesothelioma and reactive mesothelium Authors: Ayuko Sato, Ikuko Torii, Yoshihiro Okamura, Tadashi Yamamoto, Takashi Nishigami, Tatsuki R Kataoka, Misa Song, Seiki Hasegawa, Takashi Nakano, Toshiaki Kamei & Tohru Tsujimura (Source: Modern Pathology AOP) Mesothelioma Epidemic Addressed in Recent BBC and ICIJ Asbestos Investigation The BBC’s International News Service, in partnership with the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism (ICIJ), has recently released an investigative news report on the state of the global asbestos trade. Asbestos exposure is the primary cause of malignant mesothelioma cancer. Following repeated exposure to the toxic mineral, symptoms can take as long as 20 to 50 years to arise and a patient?s life expectancy is often very poor since there is no cure for this cancer. Combining aggressive therapies has the potential to extend mesothelioma life expectancy by several months or more, but not all patients qualify for this treatment approach. The BBC and ICIJ report features the story of Janice Tomkins, a mesothelioma patient in the Quebec Province, Canada. Tomkins represents... Diffusion-Weighted MRI of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Preliminary Assessment of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient in Histologic Subtypes CONCLUSION. The ADC values of epithelioid mesothelioma are higher than those of sarcomatoid mesothelioma. There is no significant difference between the ACD values of biphasic and those of sarcomatoid MPM. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology) Mesothelioma Trial Awards Woman $5.2 Million In an asbestos-related case taking place in Utah earlier this year, a woman received $5.2 million after becoming diagnosed with the rare cancer peritoneal mesothelioma. Mesothelioma is a form of cancer primarily caused by asbestos exposure. In most cases, patients develop pleural mesothelioma after inhaling airborne asbestos fibers. However, in Vickie Warren?s case, she developed peritoneal mesothelioma, most likely from ingesting the fibers. Symptoms of this rare condition can take between 20 and 50 years to arise from the time of someone?s initial exposure to asbestos. As a teenager and young adult, Ms. Warren helped her father build homes and duplexes. It is believed she was exposed to asbestos-containing joint compounds during this time. The joint compounds were used to seal seams ...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Surgery for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma The role of surgery for malignant pleural mesothelioma encompasses the need for rapid diagnosis, preoperative staging and surgical resection of this rare and aggressive malignancy. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine (Source: Medscape Today Headlines) Surveillance of Australian workplace Based Respiratory Events (SABRE) in New South Wales Conclusions Asbestos-related diseases are the most frequently reported conditions to SABRE NSW. The very low incidence of OA for NSW most likely reflects under-diagnosis as well as under-reporting. Occupational lung disease is still occurring in NSW despite current preventative strategies. The SABRE scheme currently provides the only available information in this area. (Source: Occupational Medicine) Mesothelioma Diagnosis: Current Challenges and Advancements in the Diagnosis of Pleural Mesothelioma An article recently published in Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology addressed the current state of mesothelioma diagnosis, reviewing the present challenges and recent advancements. Mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused by exposure to asbestos. Once exposed to the toxic mineral, symptoms can take as long as 20 to 50 years to arise and the mesothelioma life expectancy of a patient is often very poor. This is largely due to receiving a late diagnosis and lack of effective treatments for the cancer. Mesothelioma is typically diagnosed in a late stage of development because symptoms do not surface until the cancer has reached a later stage. The review states that the average time period between onset of mesothelioma symptoms and diagnosis is two to three months. The diagnostic process usual... The incidence of medically reported work-related ill health in the UK construction industry Conclusion The significantly raised SRRs for medically reported MSD and significantly reduced SRRs for mental ill health in construction workers confirm self-reported UK data. These SRRs provide a baseline of the incidence of WRI in the UK construction industry from which to monitor the effects of changes in policy or exposures. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Mesothelioma Cancer May Have an Effect on California?s State Rock With the recent proposal of a bill involving the removal of serpentine as California’s state rock, many are hoping the issue will bring awareness to the hazards surrounding asbestos and the rare cancer mesothelioma. Serpentine, California?s state rock since 1965, is known to contain a form of asbestos known as chrysotile. Asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that has been noted as the primary cause of malignant mesothelioma cancer. Most occurrences of exposure to this mineral happen through inhalation after asbestos-containing materials have been disturbed. The bill, which was sponsored by Senator Gloria Romero, has passed the State Senate and is now waiting on a vote in the Assembly. The Asbestos Disease Awareness Organization (ADAO) along with Children?s Hospital Los Angel...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Mesothelioma Development: How Asbestos Affects the Body Exposure to the naturally occurring mineral asbestos is the primary cause of mesothelioma cancer. While varying degrees of asbestos exposure can result in the development of mesothelioma later in life, the length and width of asbestos fibers can have a significant impact on whether someone develops the disease. Asbestos exposure often occurs in an occupational setting when asbestos-containing materials are damaged or disturbed. Exposure occurs when the microscopic fibers of asbestos become airborne and are inhaled by those nearby. Construction and shipyard workers are two areas of employment that have a history of placing people at risk for such exposure. Malignant mesothelioma is highly connected to thin asbestos fibers. In addition to mesothelioma, thin fibers are also responsible for th... Pro-tumorigenic Effects of miR-31 Loss in Mesothelioma [Dna and Chromosomes] In this study, we report that MM cell lines derived from patients with more aggressive disease fail to express miR-31, a microRNA recently linked with suppression of breast cancer metastases. We further demonstrate that this loss is due to homozygous deletion of the miR-31-encoding gene that resides in 9p21.3. Functional assessment of miR-31 activity revealed its ability to inhibit proliferation, migration, invasion, and clonogenicity of MM cells. Re-introduction of miR-31 suppressed the cell cycle and inhibited expression of multiple factors involved in cooperative maintenance of DNA replication and cell cycle progression, including pro-survival phosphatase PPP6C, which was previously associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy resistance, and maintenance of chromosomal stability. ... Surgical Management of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Analysis of 540 Consecutive Patients from a Prospective Database The objectives of this study were to investigate whether the survival results for MPM patients after surgery have improved within this time period by an analysis of a prospective cohort of 540 patients and to evaluate the perioperative and long-term outcomes associated with extrapleural penumonectomy (EPP). (Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation) Intradural Perineural Spread of Mesothelioma Causing Myelopathy by Tethering of the Spinal Cord Cen Eur NeurosurgDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1253345© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkGet connected:Table of contents \| Full text (Source: Zentralblatt fur Neurochirurgie - Central European Neurosurgery) Mesothelioma Prevention: Australian Invents Zip Bag for Safer Asbestos Disposal Australian businessman Wayne Loane recently launched a waste removal business featuring Aussie Skip Bags that safely dispose of asbestos waste while reducing human handling of the toxic material. The primary cause of mesothelioma cancer, asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral that was widely used in thousands of products throughout the 20th century in all parts of the world. Millions of people in the United States and internationally have been exposed to asbestos through their occupation or through products such as construction materials, auto parts and household appliances. Exposure to asbestos is known to cause a variety of terminal diseases, such as asbestosis, lung cancer and malignant mesothelioma. To help prevent mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases, Loane invented ano...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Integrated Profiling Reveals a Global Correlation between Epigenetic and Genetic Alterations in Mesothelioma Two-hit gene inactivation by gene deletion and methylation silencing is rare in mesothelioma, and requires investigation in other tumor types. (Source: Cancer Research) Complete regression of human malignant mesothelioma xenografts following local injection of midkine promoter-driven oncolytic adenovirus Malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis. We hypothesized that the tumor-specific midkine (Mdk) promoter could confer transcriptional targeting to oncolytic adenoviruses for effective treatment of malignant mesothelioma.We analysed Mdk expression by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in six human mesothelioma cell lines, and tested Mdk promoter activity by luciferase reporter assay. On the basis of these data, we constructed a replication-selective oncolytic adenovirus designated AdMdk-E1-iresTK. This virus contains a Mdk promoter-driven adenoviral E1 gene and herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase (TK) suicide gene and cytomagalovirus promoter-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein marker gene. Selectivity of viral replication and... Mesothelioma Lawsuit Highlights Risk for Chemical Plant Workers In a recent case involving a former chemical operator at Hoffman-LaRoche in Nutley, New Jersey, the rare cancer mesothelioma has been brought to light along with the hazards of asbestos exposure. The lawsuit alleges that a former worker passed away as a direct result of being exposed to asbestos while at work. The estate of the deceased worker is filing against several manufacturers and suppliers of asbestos and asbestos-containing products. In addition, the lawsuit is alleging that the companies that mined, processed and sold asbestos and asbestos products were knowledgeable of the side effects triggered by asbestos exposure, but failed to enlighten those exposed about the hazards. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure. Current treatment opti... Will Antiangiogenic Agents be a Future for Mesothelioma Therapy? Conclusions: This review summarizes the results of antiangiogenic agents under evaluation in clinical trials. A better understanding of the angiogenic pathways activated in MM will hopefully provide new therapeutic options for these patients in the future. PMID: 20629625 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry) Mesothelioma Study Investigates Management of the Pneumonectomy Space After Extrapleural Pneumonectomy Surgery This study evaluated the value of pressure monitoring and fluid aspiration (removal of fluid) to monitor the pneumonectomy space after an extrapleural pneumonectomy surgery. Researchers found that ?Intrathoracic pressure monitoring may be used as a guide for intermittent fluid evacuation of the pneumonectomy space prior to onset of clinical signs or symptoms, to avoid the cardiopulmonary risks of rapid fluid removal. Contralateral mediastinal shift should be treated with incremental drainage when there is a rise in intrathoracic pressure to prevent cardiovascular complications.? Additional information on mesothelioma may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Projection of mesothelioma mortality in Britain using Bayesian methods Authors: E Tan, N Warren, A J Darnton & J T Hodgson (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP) Secretion of intelectin-1 from malignant pleural mesothelioma into pleural effusion Authors: S Tsuji, Y Tsuura, T Morohoshi, T Shinohara, F Oshita, K Yamada, Y Kameda, T Ohtsu, Y Nakamura & Y Miyagi (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP) Mesothelioma-Causing Asbestos Mine Receives Protest from Canadian Cancer Society The Canadian Cancer Society has recently announced their disproval of a $58 million loan guarantee by asking Quebec Premier Jean Charest not to provide the loan. The loan to Jeffrey Asbestos Mines, based in Quebec, would enable the renewal of operations in an old asbestos mine located in the town Asbestos. In addition to the Canadian Cancer Society, the Canadian Health Association and the Canadian Medical Association have stressed their concerns over the loan as well. The approval of the loan would allow the mine to come out of bankruptcy and operate for more than 25 years. The Canadian Cancer Society vocalized their opinion after the town Asbestos cancelled their participation in the Relay For Life fundraising campaign. Hugues Grimard, the Mayor of Asbestos, said, ?We want to work with ... Mesothelioma Diagnosis Can Follow ?Nonspecific? Biopsy Results In conclusion, researchers found ?Thoracoscopic pleural biopsy is valuable in the diagnosis of pleural malignancies. Patients with ?nonspecific pleuritis/fibrosis? require follow-up as a malignant diagnosis (especially mesothelioma) may eventually be established in approximately 12% of cases.? Additional information on mesothelioma may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News) Soluble Mesothelin-Related Peptide and Osteopontin As Markers of Response in Malignant Mesothelioma [Thoracic Oncology] Conclusion Percentage changes in SMRP levels, but not changes in OP levels, are a potentially useful marker of disease course. These findings should be validated prospectively for a role as an objective adjunctive measure of disease course in both clinical trials and clinical practice. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Measurement of Mesothelioma Tumor Volume Aids in Prognosis In a recent study from Columbia University, researchers found measuring mesothelioma tumors may provide additional insight into effective treatment options and other prognostic factors. Mesothelioma is a form of cancer most notably caused by asbestos exposure. Symptoms of this rare condition can take decades to arise and many patients are diagnosed during the latest stage of development as a result. With such a late diagnosis, the mesothelioma life expectancy for most patients ranges between four and 18 months. The purpose of the study was to calculate the tumor volume in pleural mesothelioma patients by using computer tomography scan images and a computerized measurement technique. They wanted to evaluate the changes in volume after chemotherapy and whether the change could help predict o... Pleural Mesothelioma One of Few Thoracic Cancers to Spontaneously Regress In a study recently published in the medical journal Respiratory Medicine, researchers investigated the history of spontaneous regression of thoracic malignancies to determine the incidence and the types of thoracic cancers most likely to spontaneously regress. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure. The majority of cases affect the pleural lining of the lungs, which classifies this form of mesothelioma as a thoracic malignancy. It typically takes 20 to 50 years for the cancer to develop after repeated exposure to asbestos and there currently is no cure for mesothelioma. Some patients have experienced an improvement in their mesothelioma life expectancy by undergoing multimodality therapy, which combines several forms of treatment to combat the cancer. The rese... Mesothelioma Researchers Investigate a Potential Prognostic Factor In conclusion, researchers found, ?The expression of ILK in MPM is connected with the expression of the downstream target pAKT, but neither ILK nor pAKT expression has a measurable influence on the patient’s prognosis, except for certain subgroups of MPM. However, to shed light on the true prognostic impact of ILK and pAKT expression in MPM, prospective trials are needed.? Additional information on mesothelioma may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News) Charity Hammers Home The Dangers Of Asbestos, UK Nearly half (47%) of homeowners who do DIY in their properties do not realise that asbestos was used as a building material in homes as recently as the 1990s, according to a British Lung Foundation (BLF) survey out. As part of Action Mesothelioma Day 2010, the BLF is urging DIYers to be Asbestos Aware after the survey of 2,000 homeowners revealed that nearly two thirds (65%) are not confident identifying asbestos-containing materials in the home. Typically asbestos can be found in materials such as floor tiles, toilet cisterns, textured ceiling coatings and linings of boiler cupboards... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Suppression of cell death by the secretory form of N-terminal ERC/mesothelin. In this study, we investigated whether N-ERC could function as a secretory factor to stimulate tumor progression. Full-, N, or C-ERC was overexpressed in the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh7 that lacks endogenous expression of ERC/mesothelin. Changes in the rates of cell proliferation and cell death were determined, and the state of signal transducers was examined using various endpoints: total cell counts, trypan blue exclusion rate, BrdU incorporation rate, TUNEL assay, and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Stat3. In cells overexpressing N-ERC, phosphorylation of ERK1/2 was enhanced and the rate of cell death decreased, leading to the increase of cell number. The culture medium containing the secretory N-ERC also had the activity to increase the number of cells. Our data sug...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Re-evaluation of histological diagnoses of malignant mesothelioma by immunohistochemistry Conclusions: In order to use archival tissue material with an earlier MM diagnosis for studies, histopathological re-evaluation is important. In possible sarcomatous MM cases without any positive IR for positive MM markers, radiology and clinical picture are essential parts of diagnostics. IHC based on a panel of two positive and two negative MM markers has to be adapted to the differential diagnostic needs in each single case. New diagnostic tools and techniques are desirable for cases where IHC and other established methods cannot provide a clear entity diagnosis, and in order to improve MM treatment. (Source: BioMed Central) Establishment of in vivo fluorescence imaging in mouse models of malignant mesothelioma. Authors: Yamaoka N, Kawasaki Y, Xu Y, Yamamoto H, Terada N, Okamura H, Kubo S Malignant mesothelioma is a highly aggressive tumor with poor prognosis, and new treatment paradigms are urgently needed. For testing preclinical efficacy of new therapeutic agents, establishment of appropriate animal models is crucial. We developed in vivo fluorescence imaging models for human malignant mesothelioma in mice using tumor cells engineered to express fluorescent proteins (EGFP, mRFP, mCherry, and mPlum) by lentiviral vectors. Among these fluorescent proteins, the expression of mCherry protein in the transduced tumor cells was shown to be robust and stable both in vitro and in vivo. In both, peritoneally disseminated and orthotopic pleural mesothelioma models, mCherry-positive tumors were sensiti... Putative cancer stem cells in malignant pleural mesothelioma show resistance to cisplatin and pemetrexed. This study provides evidence of putative CSCs conferring drug-resistance to cisplatin and pemetrexed in MPM cell lines. Specific targeting of these drug-resistant cells, while considering the functional heterogeneity of the MPM subtypes, may contribute to more focused and effective chemotherapeutic regimens for malignant pleural mesothelioma. PMID: 20596671 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Oncology) Action Mesothelioma Day Recognizes Rare Cancer For those living in the United Kingdom, today marks Action Mesothelioma Day, an attempt to spread awareness about a rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure. The British Lung Foundation and other asbestos support groups have campaigned for the day since 2006. In addition to creating awareness about the effects of asbestos exposure, the day is meant to support those who have been affected with malignant mesothelioma as well as bring notice to the importance of improving treatment options. A cure for this cancer has yet to be found, but researchers around the world continue to perform clinical trials with the hope of finding one. Current treatment methods are more or less designed to relieve symptoms and prolong life. The average mesothelioma life expectancy for patients ranges between four a... Clinical Trial Investigates Combining the Mesothelioma Chemotherapy Drug Pemetrexed with Radiation Therapy The results of a recent clinical trial suggest that pemetrexed can be tolerated in lung cancer patients at high doses with concurrent radiation therapy in an effort to increase effectiveness. The chemotherapy drug pemetrexed is currently a treatment for mesothelioma cancer, a rare disease caused by asbestos exposure. There is no cure for mesothelioma cancer yet, but patients who are diagnosed early may qualify for a combination of therapies, known as multimodality therapy. Multimodality therapy may improve mesothelioma life expectancy and includes treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Pemetrexed also has an established role in treating metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, which can also be caused by asbestos exposure. The drug has a similar chemical structure to folic a...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> The Case for a Global Ban on Asbestos Conclusions: All countries of the world have an obligation to their citizens to join in the international endeavor to ban the mining, manufacture, and use of all forms of asbestos. An international ban is urgently needed. There is no medical or scientific basis to exempt chrysotile from the worldwide ban of asbestos. (Source: EHP-in-Press) Chrysotile Asbestos and Mesothelioma (Source: EHP-in-Press) The Case for a Global Ban on Asbestos Conclusions: All countries of the world have an obligation to their citizens to join in the international endeavor to ban the mining, manufacture, and use of all forms of asbestos. An international ban is urgently needed. There is no medical or scientific basis to exempt chrysotile from the worldwide ban of asbestos. (Source: EHP-in-Press) Chrysotile Asbestos and Mesothelioma (Source: EHP-in-Press) Researchers Discover How Asbestos Causes Mesothelioma In a study funded by the National Cancer Institute and the Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation, several researchers from around the world have potentially found how the naturally occurring mineral asbestos causes cancer. Mesothelioma is a rare cancer almost exclusively triggered by asbestos exposure. The specific way of how mesothelioma develops has eluded doctors and researchers for decades. Similar to other asbestos-related diseases, mesothelioma has a severe latency period in terms of the development of symptoms. In most cases, patients with mesothelioma will not experience symptoms until at least 20 years have passed since their initial exposure to asbestos. Through the study, researchers analyzed how asbestos fibers, which kill cells, could cause cancer since a dead cell should n...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> FISH assay development for the detection of p16/CDKN2A deletion in malignant pleural mesothelioma Conclusion Distinction between benign and malignant mesothelial proliferations can be diagnostically challenging. FISH for p16/CDKN2A deletion is a useful test for confirming the diagnosis of MPM. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology) How Asbestos Causes Cancer: Mystery Unraveled More than 20 million people in the U.S., and many more worldwide, who have been exposed to asbestos are at risk of developing mesothelioma, a malignant cancer of the membranes that cover the lungs and abdomen that is resistant to current therapies. Moreover, asbestos exposure increases the risk of lung cancer among smokers. For the past 40 years researchers have tried to understand why asbestos causes cancer. The answer appears in a study published in the current issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., Drs... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Mystery unraveled: How asbestos causes cancer More than 20 million people in the US, and many more worldwide, who have been exposed to asbestos are at risk of developing mesothelioma, a malignant cancer of the membranes that cover the lungs and abdomen that is resistant to current therapies. Moreover, asbestos exposure increases the risk of lung cancer among smokers. For the past 40 years researchers have tried to understand why asbestos causes cancer. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines) Canadian Cancer Society Urges Quebec Premier Not To Provide Loan Guarantee To Asbestos Mine In a letter sent to Quebec Premier Jean Charest, the Canadian Cancer Society is urging the premier not to approve a $58 million loan guarantee to Jeffrey Asbestos Mines, based in Quebec, for the renewal of asbestos mining and export. Granting a loan guarantee to the mine will help spread the global epidemic of asbestos-related cancers and damage Canada's reputation as a global leader in public health, says the letter. "All forms of asbestos, including chrysotile asbestos mined in Quebec, cause cancer... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Mesothelioma Chemotherapy Study Investigates Resistance in Pleural Mesothelioma Patients An article recently published in The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery examined the prevalence of chemotherapy drug resistance among malignant pleural mesothelioma patients. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure. The cancer has earned a reputation as being particularly difficult to treat, and to date no cure has been established. Some patients who are diagnosed early may qualify for a combination of treatments (called multimodality therapy) with hopes of improving their mesothelioma life expectancy. Authors of the study explain, ?Optimizing the multimodality treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma depends on many factors including an adequate chemotherapeutic response? In vitro chemotherapy resistance in human mesothelioma has not been rep...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Recent Progress in Carcinogenesis, Progression and Therapy of Lung Cancer: The 19th Hiroshima Cancer Seminar: The 3rd Three Universities' Consortium International Symposium, November 2009 This symposium presented recent progress of the pathogenesis and treatment of lung cancer. Aberrantly increased expression of miR-21 plays a significant role in lung carcinogenesis and is a potential therapeutic target in both epidermal growth factor receptor-mutant and wild-type cases. miR-34 may be necessary for the radiation-induced DNA damage response. Detailed expression profiling analyses of transcriptome have potential to provide increased understanding of the molecular biology of lung cancer. An embryonic signature is present in lung adenocarcinoma only, associated with a worse clinical outcome. Cytoplasmic expression of caveolin and membranous expression of CD26 are specific to mesothelioma. Nectin-4 is a new candidate for serum and tissue biomarker as well as a therapeutic target... Mesothelioma Treatment Using Cold-Plasma Coagulation According to recent findings from a study conducted by M. Hoffmann and other researchers, using cold-plasma coagulation as a treatment option may benefit patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma. The study, titled ?Cold-Plasma Coagulation in the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Results of a Combined Approach,? was published in the online journal Interactive Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery. Mesothelioma is a form of cancer most notably caused by asbestos exposure. Symptoms of this rare condition can take decades to arise and many patients are diagnosed during the latest stage of development as a result. With such a late diagnosis, the mesothelioma life expectancy for most patients ranges between four and 18 months. The researchers of the study said, “Surgical a... Mystery unraveled: How asbestos causes cancer (University of Hawaii at Manoa) More than 20 million people in the US, and many more worldwide, who have been exposed to asbestos are at risk of developing mesothelioma, a malignant cancer of the membranes that cover the lungs and abdomen that is resistant to current therapies. Moreover, asbestos exposure increases the risk of lung cancer among smokers. For the past 40 years researchers have tried to understand why asbestos causes cancer. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health) Aircraft maintenance and mesothelioma Claudio Bianchi, Tommaso BianchiIndian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2010 14(1):24-24 (Source: Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Mesothelioma Risk In Shipyards Recently Addressed By OSHA The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) recently published an online “Safe Work Practices in Shipbreaking” document to inform shipbreakers of potential dangers. The document also outlines employers? responsibilities in creating safe working environments for employees. The OSHA shipbreaking fact sheet describes shipbreaking as ?the process of dismantling an obsolete vessel?s structure for scrapping or disposal. Conducted at a pier, drydock or dismantling slip, it includes a wide range of activities, from removing all gear and equipment to cutting down and recycling the ship?s infrastructure.? The fact sheet lists the hazards of shipbreaking, among them fire, lead and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), but at the top of the list is asbestos exposure. Exp...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Detection of Mesothelioma May Improve with New Cancer Program The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute plans to introduce the Environmental Cancer Program to physicians statewide in Michigan on July 1, 2010. Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan (BCBSM) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control’s Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) are endorsing the program as well. The new program is designed to train primary care physicians on how to accurately identify and diagnose illnesses resulting from exposure to arsenic, radon and asbestos. These three environmental carcinogens are the most frequently encountered within the state of Michigan. Dr. Michael Harbut, an occupational and environmental medical expert at the Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, is the director and author of the program. Dr. Harbut said, ?We began introduc... New tricks for old biomarkers: thymidylate synthase expression as a predictor of pemetrexed activity in malignant mesothelioma (Source: Annals of Oncology) The Utility of Electron Microscopy in Cytopathology. Conclusion: When adequate material is obtained, EM can contribute significantly to the evaluation of both FNA and exfoliative cytology cases, including the diagnosis and subclassification of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors, non-neoplastic processes, and the identification of microorganisms. PMID: 20568988 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ultrastructural Pathology) Mesothelioma Litigation: Navy Held Responsible for Asbestos Exposure by California Appeals Court The United States Navy was recently allocated a share of fault for a veteran’s asbestos exposure in a California appeals court ruling. Ulysses Collins died of malignant mesothelioma, a rare cancer caused almost exclusively by asbestos exposure, in 2005. Collins had a 31-year history working in naval shipyards where he experienced exposure to asbestos on a regular basis. Due to the vast amount of asbestos-contaminated materials used on Navy vessels until the 1980s, countless veterans and shipyard workers have developed terminal asbestos-related diseases. The veterans and shipyard employees who worked on the asbestos-laden vessels were not warned about the dangers of asbestos exposure and were rarely provided safety protection to reduce exposure. As a result of this toxic exposure, tho... Mesothelioma Litigation: Navy Allocated a Share of Fault by California Appeals Court The United States Navy was recently allocated a share of fault for a veteran’s asbestos exposure in a California appeals court ruling. Ulysses Collins died of malignant mesothelioma, a rare cancer caused almost exclusively by asbestos exposure, in 2005. Collins had a 31-year history working in naval shipyards where he experienced exposure to asbestos on a regular basis. Due to the vast amount of asbestos-contaminated materials used on Navy vessels until the 1980s, countless veterans and shipyard workers have developed terminal asbestos-related diseases. The veterans and shipyard employees who worked on the asbestos-laden vessels were not warned about the dangers of asbestos exposure and were rarely provided safety protection to reduce exposure. As a result of this toxic exposure, tho...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Three Families Honored at Mesothelioma Symposium During the International Symposium on Malignant Mesothelioma, which was recently held on June 11th, the Bendix family, the Ruble family and the Sterling family were honored by the Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation (MARF) for their contributions to mesothelioma research. The three families had funded three important research projects through MARF?s research program, giving the foundation the necessary funds to search for a cure. Ken Bendix and his family donated $100,000 for a grant that intends to develop a new virotherapy method to identify and treat peritoneal mesothelioma. Ken and his family funded what is now known as the Ken Bendix Research Grant before his passing in December 2009. The grant was awarded to Dr. J. Andrea McCart of the Toronto General Research Institute. The c... CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict favorable prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma after resection Abstract  Defects in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression may allow tumor cells to escape immune recognition. T cell infiltration is associated with a good prognosis in many cancers. However, the role of HLA class I expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) has not been fully analyzed. In the present study, we investigated the immune profiles and conducted outcome analyses of MPM patients. HLA class I expression and TILs (CD4+, CD8+, and NK cells) were detected by immunohistochemistry in a series of 44 MPM cases. To detect HLA class I expression, specimens were stained with the anti-pan HLA class I monoclonal antibody EMR8-5. The expression of HLA class I was positive in all patients. There was no case that showe... Pearls and myths in pleural fluid analysis Virtually all patients with a newly discovered pleural effusion should undergo thoracentesis to aid in diagnosis and management. The routine pleural fluid (PF) evaluation usually includes the following: cell count and differential; tests for protein, LDH, glucose, adenosine deaminase, cytology and, if infection is a concern, pH and bacterial and mycobacterial cultures. Distinguishing transudates from exudates with Light's criteria is a pragmatic first step. If the effusion is an exudate, various PF tests have proven diagnostic utility: adenosine deaminase levels >35 IU/L usually indicate tuberculosis in lymphocyte-predominant PF; pH < 7.2 or glucose less than 60 mg/dL allow the clinician to identify complicated parapneumonic effusions; and conventional cytology may reveal malignant cells i... Mesothelioma Diagnosis for 12-Year-Old Boy Two fundraising events were recently held for Taylor Boerem, a 12-year-old boy diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma. A bike run was held on June 5, 2010 and a picnic was organized on the following day. A silent auction helped raise money for Taylor?s family. Taylor was diagnosed with stage 4 peritoneal mesothelioma on March 24, 2010. Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure. Most cases consist of the pleural mesothelioma type and develop in the lungs, but peritoneal mesothelioma develops in the lining of the abdomen. It is very rare for a person Taylor?s age to be diagnosed with malignant mesothelioma cancer. From the time someone is exposed to asbestos, symptoms often take between 20 and 50 years to arise. However, younger children who are... Mesothelioma Prevention: Managing Exposure Risk During Asbestos Abatement In this study, wet grinding is evaluated as an alternative to chemical stripping of asbestos-containing floor tile mastic,? stated researchers. Although the two methods were found to be statistically similar in terms of cost and asbestos fiber emissions, data from the study indicates there are benefits to the wet grinding method that make it an advantageous alternative for asbestos abatement in a healthcare setting. For example, the wet grinding method does not release an odor like the chemical stripping method does, which is very important for healthcare settings since the odor can linger for days after the removal is complete. Additionally, due to the chemicals in the mastic remover, the odorous ?fumes are effusive, pervasive, and persistent causing irritation to the respiratory trac...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Clinical study on mesothelioma in Japan: Relevance to occupational asbestos exposure We examined medical records, X-rays, and pathology results to evaluate mesothelioma cases in Japan between 2003 and 2005; used a questionnaire to identify occupational and environmental histories, and determined the concentration of asbestos fibers in pathology specimens.We identified 442 definite cases of malignant mesothelioma with a median age of 68 years. There were 316 malignant mesothelioma cases with occupational asbestos exposure, 12 cases with neighborhood exposure and 5 cases with likely domestic exposure. Most (78%) of the 87 cases exceeded 1,000 asbestos particles per gram of dry lung tissue.We conclude that 79.2% of cases of mesothelioma in Japan in recent years were caused by asbestos exposure. Am. J. Ind. Med. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: American Journal of Industrial ... Mesothelioma Treatment Medication Alimta Reaches China The chemotherapy drug Alimta, also known as Pemetrexed, has recently reached Chinese markets for sale and distribution. The medication has previously been available in more than 60 countries around the world. Developed by Eli Lilly and Company, Alimta is the first and only chemotherapy drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma. The medication received this recognition in 2004. More specifically, Alimta was approved in combination with Cisplatin for those whose disease is unresectable or who are not eligible for curative surgery. Since 2004, the drug has received three additional approvals from the FDA. Alimta works by interfering with the process that enables cancerous cells to reproduce and spread to other areas of the body... Mesothelioma Prevention: EPA Approves of Asbestos Mitigation at California Shipyard In a report published by the Environmental Protection Agency earlier this month the agency approved asbestos safety measures of the redevelopment work at Hunters Point Naval Shipyard in Bayview, California. Protecting Bayview residents from airborne asbestos fibers has been of utmost concern during the redevelopment of Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. Asbestos is known to cause a range of terminal diseases, from asbestosis to lung cancer to mesothelioma cancer. The latter disease is often considered the most aggressive and typically claims the life of a patient within four to 18 months of diagnosis. Although there is no cure for mesothelioma, some patients may experience an improvement in their mesothelioma life expectancy by undergoing multimodality therapy. In 2006 and 2007 airborne asbes... Malignant pleural mesothelioma: not immune to the effects of novel therapeutic interventions? Authors: Sterman DH, Haas AR PMID: 20558640 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine) Recent Studies Find Potential Therapeutic Targets for Mesothelioma A number of recently published studies have reported advancements in therapeutic targets for mesothelioma cancer, offering hope to those facing this presently incurable disease. In a study published in the journal Genomics, researchers may have found a new diagnostic marker for mesothelioma cancer. The study was titled ?Knockdown of COPA, Identified by Loss-of-Function Screen, Induces Apoptosis and Suppresses Tumor Growth in Mesothelioma Mouse Model.? Mesothelioma is a form of cancer almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure. Treatment for this rare condition is limited and the mesothelioma life expectancy for patients usually ranges between four and 18 months once someone has been diagnosed. According to H. Sudo and co-researchers, “Development of effective drug treatments ...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Mesothelioma Advocate Senator Max Baucus Honored by Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation Today at the International Symposium on Malignant Mesothelioma Senator Max Baucus is being honored with the Bruce Vento Hope Builder Award by the Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation (MARF). Senator Baucus has been a long-time advocate for mesothelioma patients and those affected by asbestos-related disease. Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer caused by asbestos exposure. This rare cancer has a long latency period of 20 to 50 years before symptoms arise. Though no cure is available, some mesothelioma patients diagnosed at an early stage of development may see an improvement in their mesothelioma life expectancy by combining several therapeutic treatments. Senator Baucus? state of Montana is home to the country?s most notable asbestos-contaminated town, Libby. The town of... Mesothelioma Claims Affected by Bankruptcy of Three Asbestos Manufacturers This month three asbestos manufacturing companies filed for bankruptcy, including Garlock Sealing Technologies, Bondex International and Specialty Products Holding Corporation. All three companies filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in early June to abate massive financial losses from asbestos-related lawsuits. Many of these lawsuits are mesothelioma cases that involve multi-million dollar verdicts. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused almost exclusively by asbestos exposure. This notably aggressive cancer exhibits a long latency period of 20 to 50 years before symptoms arise. No cure is currently available, but some mesothelioma patients who are diagnosed early may improve their mesothelioma life expectancy through a combination of aggressive treatments. Garlock Sealing T... Mesothelioma Risk: The Hazard of Asbestos Exposure The naturally occurring mineral asbestos was significantly used in a variety of products throughout the 20th century. The construction industry may have felt the biggest impact from the toxic substance as more than 3,000 building materials were made with asbestos. The shipyard industry was also heavily impacted by the use of asbestos because of its fireproofing and insulating capabilities. Products used to build ships needed to be fireproof and asbestos-containing materials filled this requirement. When shipbuilding was at its peak during the World War II era, asbestos-laden insulation was one of the most utilized materials. While the construction and shipyard industries may have been the hardest hit by asbestos, other industries such as the power plant, chemical plant, automotive and manu... Mesothelioma Studied Through Libby Epidemiology Research Project Beginning this month the Center for Asbestos Related Disease will start recruiting participants for the Libby Epidemiology Research Project to further understand the development of mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases. The five-year Libby Epidemiology Research Project (LERP) will study low-level childhood asbestos exposure, compare exposure to Libby, MT amphibole asbestos to that of other commercial asbestos forms, and observe the prevalence of autoimmune disorders. The rare cancer, malignant mesothelioma, will be observed throughout the project and the results may advance the understanding of how little asbestos exposure can result in mesothelioma. The project is a result of the collaborative efforts of the Center for Asbestos Related Diseases (CARD), the Agency for Toxic Subs... WT1 peptide vaccinations induce CD4 and CD8 T cell immune responses in patients with mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer Conclusions  This multivalent WT1 peptide analog vaccine induces immune responses in a high proportion of patients with thoracic malignancies with minimal toxicity. A randomized trial testing this vaccine as adjuvant therapy in MPM is planned. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00262-010-0871-8Authors Lee M. Krug, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center 1275 York Ave New York NY 10065 USATao Dao, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USAAndrew B. Brown, Weill Medical College of Cornell University Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center 1275 Y...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Specialist in Mesothelioma Named Chief of Thoracic Surgery at Mount Sinai Medical Center According to a press release issued by the Mount Sinai Medical Center, Raja M. Flores, MD, a well-known surgeon for mesothelioma, lung cancer and esophageal cancer, has been named Chief of Thoracic Surgery and Director of the Thoracic Surgical Oncology Program. Before joining the Mount Sinai Medical Center, Dr. Flores has been holding positions at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Medical Center for the last decade. His most recent position was Associate Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery. Dennis S. Charney, MD, who is Dean of Mount Sinai School of Medicine and Executive Vice President for Academic Affairs of The Mount Sinai Medical Center, said, ?We are excited to welcome Dr. Flores to Mount Sinai. As an expert in pleural mesothelioma cancer he conducted a landmark study that changed the surgic... Navy Veterans and Shipyard Workers Still Face Mesothelioma Risk With the peak in mesothelioma diagnoses expected to come within the next 10 years, former shipyard workers and Navy personnel should remain cautious for signs of an asbestos-related disease such as mesothelioma. Even those who may have been exposed to asbestos during the 1960s and 1970s are still at risk due to the severe latency period associated with mesothelioma. From the time someone was initially exposed to asbestos, symptoms of mesothelioma can take as long as 50 years to develop. As a result of this latency period, patients who contract this rare cancer are often diagnosed after the disease has already reached the latest stages of development. In many cases, the mesothelioma life expectancy for patients diagnosed during an advanced stage of development is very poor and typically ran... Mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis: a series of eight cases with uncertain malignant potential Authors: Fadi Brimo, Peter B Illei & Jonathan I Epstein (Source: Modern Pathology AOP) Possible effect of environmental exposure to asbestos on geographical variation in mesothelioma rates Conclusions Data analyses of mesothelioma mortality and incidence showed that female cases occur in the same geographical areas as male cases. Female mesotheliomas with no IAE occur in the same geographical areas as exposed cases, suggesting asbestos has a major influence on female mesothelioma, likely through environmental exposure. (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine) Mesothelioma risk from chrysotile (Source: Occupational and Environmental Medicine)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Factors affecting soluble mesothelin related protein levels in an asbestos-exposed population Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 48 (6): 869-874 Abstract Background: Soluble mesothelin-related protein (SMRP) is increased in the sera of patients with malignant mesothelioma (MM), and has been suggested as a diagnostic tool for MM in an asbestos exposed population. However, factors affecting SMRP concentrations in normal subjects and those with other asbestos related disorders have not been investigated in any large population based study. Methods: Five hundred and thirty-eight subjects with a history of asbestos exposure were studied. Age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine and glucose, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and lung function were compared with SMRP concentrations. Results: The mean age [± standard deviation (SD)] of participants wa... Mesothelioma Study Evaluates Cell Proliferation A study from Naples, Italy has analyzed the effects of 3-O-Methylfunicone (OMF) on mesothelioma cells and whether OMF is capable of stopping cell division and motility. The study, titled ‘3-O-Methylfunicone, a Metabolite Produced by Penicillium Pinophilum,Modulates ERK1/2 Activity, Affecting Cell Motility of Human Mesothelioma Cells,’ measured cell motility and invasion by using a modified Boyden chamber. ERK1/2 was examined by using Western blot analysis, which is a technique used to detect specific proteins in a given tissue sample. OMF is a secondary metabolite produced by Penicillium pinophilum that affects cell proliferation and motility in a variety of tumors. Malignant Mesothelioma is a rare cancer almost exclusively caused by asbestos exposure. Treatments for this cance... [Asbestos-related diseases of the thorax.] Authors: Hieckel HG, Hering KG Asbestos fibers can lead to pulmonary fibrosis, thickening of the pleura and malignancies. These pathologic changes are possible rather than determinate and depend on the type of asbestos fiber, length of exposure to fibers and individual factors. In Germany asbestos fibers were widely used until 1993. Worldwide, there is currently no general ban on the use of asbestos. The leading cause of asbestos-related diseases is occupational exposure. Due to a long latency period the appearance of such diseases may be delayed for more than 40 years so that the final number of cases has not yet been reached. Occupationally-derived asbestos-related diseases of the thorax are asbestosis, asbestos-related benign pleurisy and malignant pleural mesothelioma. Bronchial ca... Potential Drug Target for Mesothelioma Found in Recent Study In a joint study by Rosetta Genomics and New York University Langone Medical Center, a potential microRNA drug target for mesothelioma was identified because of its tumor suppressor qualities. The study was published in an online issue of The Journal of Biological Chemistry. Rosetta Genomics, a leading developer in microRNA diagnostics, announced the microRNA identified was miR-31. The study was titled Pro-tumorigenic Effects of miR-31 Loss in Mesothelioma. According to the researchers, miR-31 demonstrated characteristics that could possibly be utilized in the development of new therapies for malignant mesothelioma and other cancers. In recent tests, miR-31 has been shown to act as a suppressor in breast cancer metastases. The study consisted of cell lines from mesothelioma patients who di... Mesothelioma Researcher Honored by the Prestigious World Health Organization Professor Julian Peto was recently awarded the Medal of Honour from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), an agency of the World Health Organization (WHO). The IARC?s esteemed Medal of Honour has been awarded to Peto in recognition of his work on environmental factors in cancer development, particularly environmental factors in the workplace. Peto is known for his dose-response models for asbestos-related lung cancer and mesothelioma, which have been internationally adopted for occupational and environmental asbestos risk assessment. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure, most commonly occupational asbestos exposure. Presently there is no cure for this cancer, but patients who are diagnosed early enough may be able to improve their mesothel...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Integrated Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Does Not Accurately Stage Intrathoracic Disease of Patients Undergoing Trimodality Therapy for Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Thorac cardiovasc Surg 2010; 58: 215-219DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241029Abstract The results of trimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) are related to stage. Staging can be carried out by computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET), but all modalities suffer from limitations. We investigated whether integrated PET‐CT improved the intrathoracic staging of patients undergoing trimodality therapy for MPM. Twenty consecutive patients [18 male, median age 62 years (range 52–68)] who underwent 24 PET‐CT scans prior to extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) as part of trimodality therapy for MPM were reviewed. The intrathoracic stage of MPM on PET‐CT was compared with the pathological st... Surgical assessment of malignant pleural mesothelioma: have we reached a critical stage? [Original articles] Conclusions: There are deficiencies in the current staging system for MPM and discrepancies between clinical and pathological systems. Future improvements are needed in clinical descriptors of nodal status and pathological descriptors of T stage. Subsequent IMIG stage grouping also needs revision. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery) Effect of induction chemotherapy on lung function and exercise capacity in patients affected by malignant pleural mesothelioma [Original articles] Conclusions: An improvement in lung function and exercise capacity was seen after IC in patients with MPM. These data suggest that IC does not compromise cardiopulmonary performance in this subset of patients. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery) Integrated positron emission tomography-computed tomography does not accurately stage intrathoracic disease of patients undergoing trimodality therapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. CONCLUSIONS: In one of the few studies of integrated PET-CT in MPM that has complete pathological correlation we have shown that PET-CT does not accurately identify advanced tumor stage (T4) or mediastinal nodal disease (N2). The role of PET-CT staging prior to EPP lies outside the affected hemithorax. PMID: 20514576 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon) Dendritic cell vaccination as a treatment modality for mesothelioma. Authors: Gregoire M Evaluation of: Hegmans JP, Veltman JD, Lambers ME et al. Consolidative dendritic cell-based immunotherapy elicits cytotoxicity against malignant mesothelioma. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.200909-1465OC (2010) (Epub ahead of print). Malignant mesothelioma is caused by the neoplastic transformation of mesothelial cells and occurs predominantly in the pleura, but also less frequently in the peritoneum, pericardium or tunica vaginalis testis. Exposure to asbestos, a mineral fiber, is the major causative factor. Median survival is approximately 9 months from the onset of clinical symptoms. Median survival is only increased by about 2 months after treatment with currently validated chemotherapy, with the median time to progression also increased by 2 m...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Prevalence of in vitro chemotherapeutic drug resistance in primary malignant pleural mesothelioma: Result in a cohort of 203 resection specimens Conclusions: The feasibility of performing off-site in vitro drug resistance assays on resected malignant mesothelioma specimens is reported. A significant proportion of mesothelioma tumors exhibited extreme/intermediate resistance to cisplatin, gemcitabine, or vinorelbine. (Source: The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery) Lymphohistiocytoid mesothelioma of the pleura Lymphohistiocytoid mesothelioma (LHM), reported to be a rare variant of sarcomatoid mesothelioma, is challenging to differentiate from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma due to marked lymphocytic infiltration. To aid accurate recognition of LHM, we examined immunohistochemical, in situ hybridization (ISH) of Epstein-Barr virus RNA (EBER-1) mRNA, fluorescence ISH (FISH) for homozygous deletion of 9p21, and asbestos analysis in four cases (three men and 1 woman). Three patients died, while Case 4 was still alive 19 months after extrapleural pneumonectomy. Histologically, these cases were characterized by heavy lymphocytic infiltration. All neoplastic cells were positive for calretinin, AE1/AE3, and epithelial membrane antigen, but negative for CEA. EBER1 factor was negative. FISH analysis demonstrated h... Downregulation of Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 is sufficient to induce cell death in mesothelioma cells highly refractory to conventional chemotherapy Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis and limited response to platinum-based chemotherapy. Several lines of evidence support a role for the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL in MPM chemoresistance. Since it has been recently suggested that Mcl-1 cooperates with Bcl-xL for protection against cell death, we investigated the response of mesothelioma cell lines to the downregulation of Bcl-xL (alone or in combination with cisplatin) and the potential interest of its concomitant inhibition with that of Mcl-1. Using RNA interference, we showed that Bcl-xL depletion sensitized two highly chemoresistant mesothelioma cell lines to cisplatin and that under this treatment, one cell line, MSTO-211H, displayed an apoptotic type of cell death, whereas the other, NCI... Mesothelioma and the Need to Ban Asbestos Recently Recognized On a Global Scale Recent events in Canada and Mexico, in addition to an asbestos hazard warning released by the World Health Organization (WHO), have brought attention to mesothelioma and the urgent need to ban asbestos worldwide. Asbestos exposure is the primary cause of mesothelioma cancer. Exposure occurs by either inhaling or ingesting asbestos fibers. These fibers have the potential to become lodged in the lining of the lungs, heart or abdominal cavity, where they can cause damage that leads to cancer. Due to the latency period of mesothelioma symptoms, which can range between 20 and 50 years after exposure, the average mesothelioma life expectancy for patients upon diagnosis is four to 18 months. On May 12, a series of high profile events occurred in Ottawa, Canada that garnered much public participat... Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of human calretinin in plasma and serum of mesothelioma patients Conclusions: The novel assay is highly sensitive and applicable to human serum and plasma. Calretinin appears to be a promising marker for the blood-based detection of MM and might complement other markers. However, further studies are required to prove its usefulness in the diagnosis of MM patients. (Source: BMC Cancer)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Mesothelioma Radiation: How Does Volumetric Modulation Arc Radiation Compare with Intensity-Modulated Radiation? In conclusion, the researchers found ?RA demonstrated compared with conventional IMRT, similar target coverage and better dose sparing to the organs at risks. The number of MUs and the time required to deliver a 2-Gy fraction were much lower for RA, allowing the possibility to incorporate this technique in the treatment options for mesothelioma patients.? Additional information on mesothelioma and treatment options may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News) Diagnostic usefulness of EMA, IMP3, and GLUT-1 for the immunocytochemical distinction of malignant cells from reactive mesothelial cells in effusion cytology using cytospin preparations To differentiate reactive mesothelial cells (RMs) from metastatic carcinoma and malignant mesothelioma (MM) in effusion cytology is crucial for the cytologic diagnosis and the management of the patients. In the present study, the immunocytochemical staining profile of the epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), the insulin-like growth factor-II mRNA-binding protein 3 (IMP3), and the glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) was examined to distinguish RMs from malignant cells. A total of 171 pleural (n = 87) and peritoneal (n = 84) effusion specimens, including 50 benign effusions with RMs, 11 MM effusions, and 110 metastatic malignant effusions, were evaluated for immunocytochemistry. EMA, IMP3, monoclonal GLUT-1, and polyclonal GLUT-1 immunoreactivity were observed in 26.0%, 6.0%, 20.0%, and 18.0% of RM... In vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the PPAR-γ agonist troglitazone in combination with cisplatin against malignant pleural mesothelioma cell growth In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of a PPAR-[gamma] agonist in combination with an anticancer agent on MPM cell growth in vitro and in vivo. We examined the therapeutic efficacy of the PPAR-[gamma] agonist troglitazone (TGZ) in combination with cisplatin against a human MPM cell line, both in vitro and orthotopically inoculated into severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Troglitazone (TGZ) alone inhibited MPM cell growth in vitro in a dose-dependent manner via induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. The combination of TGZ and cisplatin showed an additive inhibitory effect on MPM cell growth compared to treatment with either individual drug. Treatment with 500 mg/kg or 1000 mg/kg TGZ effectively inhibited the production of thoracic tumors and pleural effusi... Nearly $2 Million Awarded after Man Passes Away with Mesothelioma In a recent case involving a former painter for Harnischfeger (part of P&H Mining Equipment), the estate of a man has received $1.48 million in damages by a Milwaukee County jury for his development of the rare cancer mesothelioma. John D. Pender was a painter for Harnischfeger for nearly 40 years. During his employment, he worked in an area where asbestos-contaminated dust from ground brake linings accumulated, which is noted to be the cause of his malignant mesothelioma. Mr. Pender passed away in May 2006 at the age of 75. Asbestos-containing brakes have affected automotive mechanics for decades. During normal automobile use, asbestos brake linings wear down and release asbestos dust. A lot of this dust is captured in the brake housing. When the brake housing is opened, the dust is r... Joint Study By Rosetta Genomics And NYU Langone Medical Center Identifies Potential MicroRNA Drug Target For Mesothelioma Rosetta Genomics, Ltd. (NASDAQ: ROSG), a leading developer and provider of microRNA-based molecular diagnostics, announced today that the results of a joint study with the NYU Langone Medical Center were published on May 12th, 2010 in the online issue of The Journal of Biological Chemistry. The study "Pro-tumorigenic Effects of miR-31 Loss in Mesothelioma," demonstrates the potential of miR-31 to be used for the development of new therapies against mesothelioma and other cancers. The study may be viewed online here... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Mesothelioma Research Involving Cancer Stem Cells Warrants Further Investigation A study recently published in Lung Cancer investigated cancer stem cells for the first time in malignant mesothelioma cancer. Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive and rare cancer caused almost exclusively by asbestos exposure. This cancer unfortunately rarely responds to just a single type of treatment. However, some mesothelioma patients who are diagnosed in an early stage of cancer development may be able to improve their mesothelioma life expectancy by taking an aggressive approach to treatment by combining a number of therapies, such as chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. According to the authors of this study, ?Recently, cancer stem-cell (CSC) theory was introduced to explain that tumors are organized in a hierarchy of heterogeneous cell populations with different biolog... Malignant Mesothelioma in a Patient with Anthophyllite Asbestos Fibres in the Lungs The amphibole asbestos, anthophyllite, is associated with asbestos-related disease in humans, along with mesothelioma in animal models. In humans, however, there are only three cases of histologically proven malignant mesothelioma of the pleura associated with anthophyllite that have been documented in the English-language literature. A fourth case is presented in a man who lived in South Africa and had anthophyllite in his lung. Anthophyllite was never commercially mined in South Africa. Using scanning electron microscopy, his lung fibre burden was calculated to be 358 000 fibres and 31 000 asbestos bodies per gram of dry weight of lung tissue. The mean aspect ratio of the anthophyllite fibres in the lung was 41.2 (SD = 28.8). No other types of asbestos were detected in the lung. His expo... PINCH-2 expression in cancers involving serosal effusions using quantitative PCR The objective of the present study was to validate this finding at the mRNA and protein level.Methods: Effusions (n = 91; 71 ovarian and 10 breast carcinomas, 10 malignant mesotheliomas) were assayed for PINCH-2 mRNA expression using quantitative PCR. PINCH-2 protein expression was analysed in 37 effusions using flow cytometry.Results: Quantitative PCR analysis showed significantly higher PINCH-2 mRNA levels in mesotheliomas compared with carcinomas (P = 0.004). Values of (Source: Cytopathology) Primary malignant deciduoid peritoneal mesothelioma: A report of the cytohistological and immunohistochemical appearances Malignant deciduoid mesothelioma (MDM) is a rare variant of epithelioid mesothelioma. This type of tumor might be associated with the asbestos exposure and carries a poor prognosis in general. MDM was first described by Nascimento et al. in 1994 in a peritoneal lesion of a young woman. And its diagnosis is frequently mistaken with florid mesothelial hyperplasia and peritoneal deciduosis. There are 44 MDM cases reported in the literature up today.A 59-year-old woman patient referred to our clinic was identified with an abdominal mass. Computed tomography of whole abdomen of the patient showed a mass with the widest transverse dimension of 65 × 60 mm at abdominal bifurcation in the mesenteric region. The patient was diagnosed with MDM after the cytopathological examination of the fine needl... Mesothelioma Diagnosis Results in $14 Million Award for Florida Man In a recent trial taking place in Miami, Florida, a 59-year-old man has been awarded more than $14 million for being exposed to asbestos and eventually developing the rare cancer peritoneal mesothelioma. A Miami jury found the chemical manufacturing company Union Carbide negligent for selling asbestos fibers to other companies, which later used them to make joint compounds utilized by construction companies. William Aubin, the man diagnosed with peritoneal mesothelioma, was exposed to such joint compounds while working for his family?s construction company during the 1970s. Because asbestos was incorporated into more than 3,000 building products at its height of use, construction workers are at an increased risk for developing an asbestos-related disease. Asbestos exposure is the primary...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Usefulness of Claudin 4 in the cytological diagnosis of serosal effusions The identification of metastatic cells in serous effusions has prognostic and therapeutic implications, thus leading to a continuous search for improvement of the existing diagnostic procedures, including immunocytochemistry. To evaluate the usefulness of an antibody recognizing the tight junction-associated protein Claudin 4 in detecting metastatic tumor cells and in the differential with reactive and neoplastic mesothelium, we stained 345 cases of benign and neoplastic serous effusions obtained from pleura, peritoneum, and pericardium. Two-hundred and twenty-eight of 230 cases (99.1%) of epithelial metastasis of different origin were strongly stained by anti-Claudin 4, whereas all cases of reactive mesothelitis (78) and malignant mesothelioma (37) were negative. With the exception of a s... Merlin, a "Magic" Linker between Extracellular Cues and Intracellular Signaling Pathways that Regulate Cell Motility, Proliferation, and Survival. Authors: Stamenkovic I, Yu Q Genetic alterations of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) gene lead to the development of schwannomas, meningiomas, and ependymomas. Mutations of NF2 gene were also found in thyroid cancer, mesothelioma, and melanoma, suggesting that it functions as a tumor suppressor in a wide spectrum of cells. The product of NF2 gene is merlin (moesin-ezrin-radixin-like protein), a member of the Band 4.1 superfamily proteins. Merlin shares significant sequence homology with the ERM (Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin) family proteins and serves as a linker between transmembrane proteins and the actin-cytoskeleton. Merlin is a multifunctional protein and involved in integrating and regulating the extracellular cues and intracellular signaling pathways that control cell fate, shape, prolife... Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide Synergizes with Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy in Antitumor Activity Clinical immunotherapy trials like dendritic cell-based vaccinations are hampered by the tumor's offensive repertoire that suppresses the incoming effector cells. Regulatory T cells are instrumental in suppressing the function of cytotoxic T cells. We studied the effect of low-dose cyclophosphamide on the suppressive function of regulatory T cells and investigated if the success rate of dendritic cell immunotherapy could be improved. For this, mesothelioma tumor-bearing mice were treated with dendritic cell-based immunotherapy alone or in combination with low-dose of cyclophosphamide. Proportions of regulatory T cells and the cytotoxic T cell functions at different stages of disease were analyzed. We found that low-dose cyclophosphamide induced beneficial immunomodulatory effects by p... Mesothelioma Clinical Trial Now Recruiting Pleural Mesothelioma Patients A clinical trial on mesothelioma, titled “Pemetrexed Disodium and Cisplatin With or Without Cediranib Maleate in Treating Patients with Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma,” is currently recruiting participants with malignant pleural mesothelioma. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure. Known as an aggressive cancer, mesothelioma rarely responds to just one mode of treatment. Patients who are diagnosed early and hope to improve their mesothelioma life expectancy may qualify for an aggressive treatment approach that combines a number of therapies, such as combining chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. No combination to date has resulted in an effective cure, which is why researchers are studying new combinations of therapies in an effort to develo... Mesothelioma Immunotherapy Making Headway in the Fight Against Mesothelioma Cancer Malignant mesothelioma research is turning to novel treatment approaches such as immunotherapy to find a combination of therapies that may one day result in a cure for this aggressive cancer. A rare cancer caused by asbestos exposure, malignant mesothelioma rarely responds to one mode of treatment. To combat the cancer medical professionals have come to learn that more than one mode of therapy is required, such as combining chemotherapy with surgery and radiation therapy. Usually the only patients who qualify for this aggressive treatment approach are the patients who are diagnosed in an early stage of cancer development. Despite some success with extended mesothelioma life expectancy, a cure for mesothelioma has yet to be found. As a result, researchers are turning to novel treatments lik...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Baron & Budd, P.C. Attorney John Langdoc Applauds New Cancer Study Baron & Budd, P.C. attorney John Langdoc applauded a new cancer study released by the President's Cancer Panel earlier this month. According to the study, the number of cancers caused by exposures to environmental toxins has been seriously underestimated and the number is likely to increase in the near future. The Panel urged President Obama to take a stronger role in regulating toxic chemicals that come in contact with our food, water and air to help prevent these cancers. "Cancers caused by toxins in food, water and air can be prevented," said Langdoc... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Pemetrexed-induced edema of the eyelid Pemetrexed (ALIMTA®) is a new anti-metabolite that targets multiple enzymes in the folate pathway. Its primary mechanism of action is to inhibit pyrimidine and secondary, purine synthesis . This new agent has been approved by the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) for use in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma in combination with cisplatin, and as a single agent for the therapy of patients previously treated with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer . Its efficacy and safety has been evaluated in a phase 3 clinical trial, indicating that it is an effective agent, rashes being a common side effect, even though little has been published regarding the characteristics of the cutaneous side effects of this drug. (Source: Lung Cancer) Mesothelioma Study Aims to Improve Early Detection Researcher Bahareh Badrian, who works at the Lung Institute of West Australia (LIWA), is performing a study with the hopes of improving the possibilities of detecting mesothelioma cancer in its earliest stages of development. According to their site, LIWA is a charitable organization and is one of only two research institutes in Australia specifically dedicated to investigating lung disease. The institute has maintained a strong interest in allergic airway diseases as well. Mesothelioma is a cancer that typically develops in the lining of the lungs. The primary cause is exposure to asbestos, which can occur by either inhaling or ingesting the microscopic fibers that make up the toxic mineral. Unfortunately for most patients, the disease slowly develops and often lays dormant for as long as... Malignant Mesothelioma Mimicking Ovarian Cancer (Source: International Journal of Surgical Pathology) Analytical characterization of cell-asbestos fiber interactions in lung pathogenesis. Authors: Yao S, Dellaventura G, Petibois C Asbestos is a fiber causing lung diseases such as asbestosis and mesothelioma. Although the process involving these diseases remains to be elucidated for developing drugs and treatments, direct consequences of fiber exposure in humans have been clearly demonstrated. These diseases are first characterized by histological heterogeneity and combine chronic inflammation with fibrosis and cellular alterations. As a consequence, asbestosis is usually diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease and treatments are usually inefficient to cure the patients. Here, we review the links established between asbestos fiber chemistry and morphology with the occurrence of associated lung diseases. Cytological and histological aspects of diseases are described w...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Phase II Study of Asparagine-Glycine-Arginine-Human Tumor Necrosis Factor {alpha}, a Selective Vascular Targeting Agent, in Previously Treated Patients With Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma [Thoracic Oncology] Conclusion The tolerability and disease control of NGR-hTNF 0.8 µg/m2 weekly warrant additional evaluation in patients with advanced MPM. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology) Mesothelioma Claims Life of 9/11 Ground Zero Responder Robert Oswain Robert Oswain, New York City Police Officer and Ground Zero responder after the World Trade Center attack, passed away on Saturday, May 15 from mesothelioma cancer. Like many other first responders to the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center, Oswain was adversely affected by exposure to the toxic bevy of chemicals that formed a dust cloud in lower Manhattan. Oswain?s family and fellow NYPD officers believe this asbestos-infused toxic dust caused the cancer that eventually took his life. To date one other responder, Deborah Reeve, has passed away from mesothelioma following exposure to the toxic dust. Reeve?s doctors have stated that her cancer was caused by exposure to the dust at Ground Zero. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare and notably aggressive cancer caused by asbestos exposure.... Erratum to ?Plasma cell myeloma presenting with diffuse pleural involvement: a hitherto unreported pattern of a new mesothelioma mimicker? [Ann Diagn Pathol 14 (2010) 30-35] In the aforementioned article, the authors have noted an error in the legend to Figure 6. The legend states ?Tumor cells exhibit a strong immunoreactivity for CD138 (case 2).? However, the correct legend should state ?Tumor cells exhibit a strong immunoreactivity for ? light chain (case 2).? (Source: Annals of Diagnostic Pathology) Characterization of bortezomib-adapted I-45 mesothelioma cells Conclusion: These results suggest that UPR evasion, together with reduced pro-apoptotic gene induction, accounts for bortezomib resistance in the bortezomib-adapted mesothelioma cell line I-45-BTZ-R. (Source: Molecular Cancer) Mesothelioma Risk Continues Through Canada?s Export of Asbestos While many countries have issued bans or placed strict regulations on the use of asbestos, Canada still exports the toxic mineral to several developing countries, including India, Indonesia and Thailand. In recent months, the asbestos industry in Canada has been waiting for a decision on whether the Quebec government will provide a loan for a new underground asbestos mine in the town of Asbestos, Quebec. The mine could produce enough asbestos to keep Canada active in distributing the mineral for an additional 30 years. Dr. Fernand Turcotte, an occupational health expert and retired professor of public health and preventive medicine at Universite Laval in Quebec City, has been fighting against Canada?s continued export of chrysotile asbestos. He said, ?I am an optimist by nature. Tellin...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> The Investigation of Effects of Quercetin and Its Combination with Cisplatin on Malignant Mesothelioma Cells In Vitro In this study, we have investigated the antiproliferative effect of Quercetin (QU) and its combination with Cisplatin (CIS) on SPC212 and SPC111 cell lines. Our experiments showed that QU significantly reduced the proliferation of cell lines, altered the cell cycle distribution, and increased the level of Caspase 9 (C9) and Caspase 3 (C3) in concentration and time-dependent manner. Additionally, the combination of QU + CIS was found more effective when compared with individual treatment of agents. (Source: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology) Pemetrexed safety and pharmacokinetics in patients with third-space fluid. CONCLUSIONS: No clinically relevant alterations of pemetrexed pharmacokinetics occurred in patients with TSF. Pemetrexed was well tolerated; toxicities were expected and manageable. The standard pemetrexed dose recommendations were adequate for patients with TSF in this study. These data suggest that draining TSF before administering pemetrexed is unnecessary. PMID: 20460481 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research) Australian Study Produces Prognostic Factors for Peritoneal Mesothelioma New research from Sydney, Australia has evaluated prognostic indicators for patients with peritoneal mesothelioma who have undergone cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). HIPEC is performed in combination with surgery and involves the use of a heated chemotherapy solution that is circulated throughout the abdominal cavity while the patient is still in the operating room. The high temperature of the solution has been found to increase the chemotherapy drug?s overall impact. Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that has very low odds of survival. The mesothelioma life expectancy for most patients ranges between four and 18 months after diagnosis and current treatment options usually do not provide a cure. During the study, researchers observed 20 patients... Quick Reference Factsheet To Guide Retailers On Asbestos, UK Retailers are being sent a quick reference factsheet to help them understand their legal responsibilities on asbestos to ensure their workers, customers or any contractors are protected from exposure. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has teamed up with the BHF-BSSA Group - an independent retail trade body representing more than 7500 small retailers, after it was found that compliance with 'duty to manage' regulations was particularly low in this sector... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Mesothelioma Research Investigates Significance of Potential Prognostic Factor In conclusion, the researchers found that EMT is associated with sarcomatoid histology and had an impact on shorter survival in pleural mesothelioma patients. The researchers noted that the retrospective nature of the cohort somewhat limited the study and stated there are plans for further research in selected mesothelioma patients who undergo some form of therapy. Additional information on mesothelioma may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Remediation in Libby, Montana Sheds Light on Mesothelioma Concern According to a press release issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), two properties (Operable Units) in Libby, Montana will soon receive complete remediation. The units being worked on are former W.R. Grace & Company export and screening plants. Libby is the town where W.R. Grace operated an asbestos-contaminated vermiculite mine for more than 60 years. As a result, those living in the town were exposed to varying amounts of asbestos, a mineral known to cause mesothelioma and other fatal illnesses if inhaled or ingested. Since the official closing of the mine in 1990, nearly 2,000 Libby residents have been affected by an asbestos-related condition. For mesothelioma, symptoms may take as long as 20 to 50 years to arise after being exposed to asbestos, which can significantl... Volume-Based Parameter of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Prediction of Therapeutic Response and Prognostic Implications Conclusions  Volume-based parameters of 18F-FDG PET/CT have the potential to provide prognostic information in MPM patients who are receiving surgery or palliative chemotherapy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Thoracic OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-1107-zAuthors Ho Yun Lee, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science Seoul KoreaSeung Hyup Hyun, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Nuclear Medicine Seoul KoreaKyung Soo Lee, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science Seoul KoreaByung-Tae Kim, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Departme... Fine needle aspiration cytology in malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis (Source: Cytopathology) Mesothelioma and Nutrition: Griffin Hospital Offers Class on ?Cooking & Nutrition for Cancer Care? Starting June 2, Griffin Hospital in Derby, Connecticut will be offering a free four-week course on “Cooking & Nutrition for Cancer Care” to help cancer patients cope with their disease through proper nutrition and cooking tips. Malignant mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer that is known for its resistance to cancer therapy. Many patients diagnosed with mesothelioma will undergo chemotherapy, radiation or even some form of surgical procedure in an effort to improve mesothelioma life expectancy. Since these forms of therapy (particularly chemotherapy) can greatly affect a patient?s metabolism, and their desire and ability to eat, this course in cancer nutrition could be very beneficial for mesothelioma cancer patients. A program designed to enable cancer patients with ta... Recombinant Immunotoxins for the Treatment of B cell Malignancies and Mesothelioma: A Clinical and Laboratory Update (NIH-Only) Presented by: Ira Pastan, M.D..Category: NCI CCR Grand Rounds (NIH Only)Aired date: 04/13/2010 (Source: Videocast - All Events)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Detecting Mesothelioma Early Enhances Treatment Options Mesothelioma is a form of cancer usually contracted by those who have worked around asbestos. Some occupations that have presented an increased risk for asbestos exposure include those in the construction, automotive, shipyard, power plant and manufacturing industry. Exposure to asbestos typically occurs when asbestos-containing materials become damaged or disturbed and the small, toxic fibers of asbestos break off where they can be inhaled or ingested. These fibers often attach themselves to the lining of the lungs and later cause pleural mesothelioma. However, other areas that are susceptible to contract mesothelioma include the lining of the heart and abdomen. Combating this rare cancer can be very difficult for patients for a number of reasons. For the majority of those diagnosed, the ... Mesothelioma Clinical Trial Recruiting Participants to Study Video-Assisted Surgery or Talc Pleurodesis This study is a randomized phase III clinical trial ?studying video-assisted surgery to see how well it works compared with talc pleurodesis in treating patients with malignant mesothelioma.? The two arms of the study include: Arm I: Experimental where ?Patients undergo video-assisted thoracoscopic cytoreductive pleurectomy either at the time of biopsy or after confirmation of biopsy results;? and Arm II: Active Comparator where ?Patients undergo video-assisted thoracoscopic cytoreductive pleurectomy either at the time of biopsy or after confirmation of biopsy results.? The primary objective is to ?Compare the effectiveness of video-assisted thoracoscopic cytoreductive pleurectomy [versus] talc pleurodesis, in terms of 1-year survival, in patients with suspected or proven mal... Competence Is Key: Ensure Asbestos Surveyors Are Qualified For The Job, UK Asbestos surveys are only effective if competent surveyors are employed to do them...That is one of the key messages being promoted at roadshows to help explain new guidance devised for those responsible for managing the risks from asbestos. 'Asbestos: The survey guide' (Ref: HSG264) which was published by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) in January is aimed at those who commission asbestos surveys, the surveyors who carry them out and those who use them such as architects and demolition or removal contractors... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Mesothelioma Surgery for Nonepithelioid Malignant Mesothelioma Remains Up for Debate This study reviewed the medical details of 312 cases of malignant pleural mesothelioma and a comparison was made regarding the survival from the three major subtypes. A total of 195 patients underwent radical surgical treatment, and 117 underwent nonradical surgery. Histologic subtype was documented as epithelioid in 218 patients, biphasic in 66 patients, and sarcomatoid in 28 patients. Median survival was 15.3 months in epithelioid patients, 10.1 months in biphasic patients, and 5.0 months in sarcomatoid patients. Upon analyzing the data, the researchers found, ?The extremely poor prognosis of sarcomatoid malignant pleural mesothelioma is independent of the extent of surgery unlike other cell types. Patients with sarcomatoid histology should therefore be considered separately in trials ... Health Alert: Baron & Budd, P.C. Warns That Career Painters May Be At Risk For Asbestos Cancer Baron & Budd, P.C. issued a health alert today for career painters and others who may have worked with painting products. These workers may be at risk for deadly diseases, such as mesothelioma, that are caused by asbestos exposure. Baron & Budd attorney John Langdoc noted the rise of cancer risks for these individuals after working with a number of affected families. "Many career painters are just now seeing the effects of asbestos exposure because the period of time between the exposure and the cancer diagnosis can be so long," said Langdoc... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Peritoneal mesothelioma. Authors: Berrill J, Haboubi H, Duane P Peritoneal disease accounts for just under a third of all malignant mesothelioma. Its insidious onset means that diagnosis is often made at an advanced stage, however, new therapeutic techniques are starting to lead to improved outcomes. PMID: 20448500 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: British Journal of Hospital Medicine) Mesothelioma Case Brings $208 Million for Couple In a recent trial decided by a California jury, Rhoda and Bobby Evans were awarded $208 million after Rhoda developed the rare cancer mesothelioma. The two companies named in the trial were CertainTeed Corporation and the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power. Mesothelioma is a type of cancer almost exclusively by asbestos exposure. Symptoms can take as long as 20 to 50 years to develop from the time of exposure and this often results in a late diagnosis. Unfortunately for many patients, the mesothelioma life expectancy typically ranges between four and 18 months. Rhoda Evans was exposed to asbestos through the fibers brought home on her husband?s work clothes. During Bobby Evans? employment with the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, he was required to cut asbestos-contain... Asbestosis and mesothelioma among British asbestos workers (1971-2005) Ascertainment of asbestosis and mesothelioma from underlying cause of death underestimates the burden of these diseases. The aims of this study were to estimate the true frequency of asbestosis and mesothelioma among asbestos workers in Great Britain (GB), and to identify factors associated with the risk of death with these diseases.The GB Asbestos Survey was established in 1971 to monitor long-term health outcomes among workers covered by regulations to control asbestos at work. Asbestosis and mesothelioma cases were defined by multiple cause of death, and were ascertained by identifying asbestos workers on the GB Asbestosis and Mesothelioma Registers. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated; the risks of asbestosis and mesothelioma were modeled with Poisson regression analys... Mesothelioma Study Examines More Prognostic Factors for Malignant Mesothelioma In conclusion, the researchers found ?EGFR expression is a common feature in MPM patients. High pre-treatment levels of serum EGFR are associated with advanced stage but not with reduced OS. Detailed mutational analysis of EGFR on a larger number of patients is still needed to clarify the exact role of EGFR in MPM patients.? Additional information on mesothelioma and prognostic factors that influence life expectancy may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News) Mesothelioma Case Results in $6 Million Verdict A recent mesothelioma trial has brought nearly $6 million to the wife of former United States Navy officer Robert Hardick, who passed away from mesothelioma cancer earlier this year. Diane Hardick, Robert?s wife, filed the wrongful death lawsuit against John Crane Inc. and Garlock Sealing Technologies. According to the suit, Mr. Hardick contracted mesothelioma after inhaling asbestos fibers while serving on the U.S.S. Newport News, a Des Moines-Class heavy cruiser. It is believed that Mr. Hardick also experienced asbestos exposure while serving on other ships from the 1950s through the 1970s. Exposure to asbestos is the primary cause of mesothelioma cancer. Symptoms of this rare condition typically do not present themselves for 20 to 50 years after being exposed and the average mesotheli...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> Porcelain Factory Worker With Asbestos-related Mesothelioma. Authors: Mensi C, Garberi A, Sieno C, Riboldi L PMID: 20497872 [PubMed - in process] (Source: J Formos Med Assoc) Mesothelioma Development: Firefighter Study Evaluates Cancer Risk The U.S Fire Administration and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) will be conducting a study to analyze whether firefighters have an increased risk of developing cancer due to their exposure to smoke, soot and other hazardous substances. According to NIOSH Director Dr. John Howard, ?NIOSH has worked extensively with partners in the fire service to address occupational safety and health risks for firefighters. We appreciate the funding and support from the U.S. Fire Administration as we engage the scientifically complex question of firefighting and cancer risk.? The multi-year study will involve more than 18,000 current and retired firefighters. One contaminate firefighters are at risk of being exposed to is asbestos, a naturally occurring mineral that wa... Mesothelioma Research Examines Survival Benefit Associated with Surgery In conclusion, the researchers reported that ?Given the burden of morbidity of resection in the management of pleural mesothelioma, this most optimistic estimate of the magnitude of any survival benefit should be taken into account in any policy decision, in clinical trial proposals and in strategies adopted by clinical teams.? Additional information on mesothelioma and treatment options may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News) Millions Awarded To Asbestos Victims, UK UNISON has revealed that nearly Â£2 million has been awarded to members who have suffered from deadly asbestos-related diseases in the last year alone. The figure, released on International Workers Memorial Day (28 April), highlights the risk that many workers face just doing their day-to-day jobs. General Secretary, Dave Prentis, will join public sector staff across the UK in a minute's silence at midday, to remember colleagues who have become victims of asbestos and other work-related diseases or those killed or injured in the workplace... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today) Mesothelioma and Asbestos Exposure Highlighted by Workers? Memorial Day Today, April 28, 2010, marks the annual Workers’ Memorial Day, which is an international day of remembrance for workers who have been killed, disabled or injured while on the job. The United States has recognized the day since 1989 and April 28 was chosen because it is the anniversary of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Canada has been celebrating Workers? Memorial Day on April 28 since 1985. The day provides an opportunity to highlight the preventable risks within certain occupations that are sometimes hidden from workers and to fight for improvements in workplace safety. The slogan for the day is Remember the dead ? Fight for the living. According to the International Labour Organisation, more than two million people pass away as a result of work-related accid...<div id="medworm"><p><b><i>MedWorm Message:</i></b> Register for <b><a href="http://www.medmatcha.com" target ="_self">MedMatcha, MedWorm's medical advertising network</a></b>, and receive $5 free advertising.</p></div> What caused gastrointestinal bleeding in a woman with a history of pleural mesothelioma? (Source: Gut) Expression of podoplanin and calretinin in meningioma: an immunohistochemical study We examined the immunohistochemical expression of podoplanin and calretinin, both of which are well-known markers of mesothelioma, in 24 surgical cases of meningioma of various types. In most cases, a linear immunoreactivity for podoplanin was found along the cell surface of most neoplastic cells. An intracytoplasmic, finely granular, or diffuse immunoreactivity was also noted in some cells. These findings corresponded well to immunoreactivity for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), but immunoreactivity for podoplanin was more crisp or sharply delineated and clear compared with that for EMA. These findings indicate that podoplanin can be used as an immunohistochemical marker that is equivalent to EMA in the differential diagnosis of meningioma. However, most meningiomas did not contai... Mesothelioma Study Finds High Dose of Vitamin C Induces Cell Death In Test Tubes and Mice In conclusion, researchers stated ?results indicate that high dose of ascorbic acid induced cell death in all mesothelioma cells tested. For clinical application of mesothelioma, further investigations will be necessary.? Thus, much research is warranted on this topic to reach a conclusive opinion on the efficacy of vitamin C in the treatment of malignant mesothelioma, especially if chemotherapy is being administered. Additional information on mesothelioma and treatment options may be found through the Mesothelioma Center. (Source: Asbestos and Mesothelioma News) Cytoreductive Surgery with Intraperitoneal Hyperthermic Chemotherapy for Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma: Mitomycin Versus Cisplatin Conclusions  CS with IPHC is a promising modality for patients with MPM, and clinical outcomes appear to be improved using cisplatin. We recommend using high-dose intraperitoneal cisplatin following cytoreductive surgery when treating malignant peritoneal mesothelioma. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gastrointestinal OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-1080-6Authors Aaron U. Blackham, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Surgical Oncology Service Winston-Salem NC USAPerry Shen, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Surgical Oncology Service Winston-Salem NC USAJohn H. Stewart, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Surgical Oncology Service Winston-Salem NC USAGregory B. Russell, Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center Departments of Gene...

Essential Facts of Mesothelioma and Asbestos Exposure guide

Essential Facts Of Mesothelioma And Asbestos Exposure
Despite the efforts of numerous health agencies throughout the world in trying to educate the public on the definition and effects of mesothelioma, it is unfortunate that there still exist a large majority of the local population in trying to comprehend such efforts. With this article, I hope that certain facts can be spelt out much more clearly in as simple terminology as possible. To start off, mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer in which malignant or cancerous cells are found in the mesothelium, a protective sac that covers most of our body’s internal organs. At present, statistics have proven that a majority of people who suffer from mesothelioma, have had first contact with materials known as asbestos, in the course of their work or exposure. Mesothelioma (or cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide without control or order. The known effect is that invasion and damage to nearby tissues and organs can occur. The cancer cells can also spread from their original location to other parts of the body. And very often, mesothelioma begins in the pleura or peritoneum. The pleura is the membrane that typically surrounds the lungs and lines the wall of the chest cavity, while the peritoneum is the tissue that covers most of the organs in the abdominal cavity. In addition, the pericardium covers and protects the heart, while the tissue surrounding the male internal reproductive organs is called the tunica vaginalis testis. For the female, this will be known as the tunica serosa uteri. While it has been reported specifically in the United States alone that the occurrence of mesothelioma has been at a rate of 2000 cases per year in the last 20 years, there maybe more unreported cases that have gone undetected and therefore, not captured within official records. Typically, mesothelioma affects mainly the male gender, but although (as mentioned above) this form of cancer has affected mainly those in direct contact with asbestos material in the course of their work, there have also been occurrences to those who have had no direct exposure to asbestos. Before we go on further, we need to be clear on where asbestos comes from. Essentially, asbestos refers to a group of minerals that occur naturally as masses of strong, flexible fibers that can be separated into thin threads and woven. Asbestos is often found in construction related materials such as cement, roofing materials, flooring products, etc. How asbestos gets into the human system, is when during the manufacturing process, where there is no strict control on the handling process, the particles generated from asbestos will float in the air and maybe inhaled

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by individuals, thus causing serious health problems. This therefore gives rise to other forms of cancer and one of them, mesothelioma. Historically, mesothelioma was discovered particularly after the World War Two, as part of the industrialization process and increased war efforts. Millions of Americans were believed to have been exposed to asbestos dust particles in their course of work. And when these folks return home to their loved ones, it is believed that the dust particles which had remained on their work attires were subsequently inhaled by their family members, thus creating a form of “cross contamination” effect. While the occupational safety and health act today has restricted the amount of asbestos workers can be exposed to, the risk has obviously not been fully mitigated and the occurrence of mesothelioma is still possible. To minimize exposure as well as cross contamination, workers in such industries should change out before leaving their workstations and showering. This concept is similar to exposure during a chemical fallout where the process of decontamination is deployed. For more information, do visit our resource link.

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